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barron词汇 P

barron词汇 P



2441. pachyderm

释义: thick-skinned animal

例句: The elephant is probably the best-known pachyderm.



2442. pacifist

释义: one opposed to force; antimilitarist

例句: The pacifists urged that we reduce our military budget and recall our troops stationed overseas.



2443. pacify

释义: soothe; make calm or quiet; subdue

例句: Dentists criticize the practice of giving fussy children sweets to pacify them.



2444. paean

释义: song of praise or joy

例句: paeans celebrating the victory filled the air.



2445. painstaking

释义: showing hard work; taking great care

例句: The new high-frequency word list is the result of painstaking efforts on the part of our research staff.



2446. palatable

释义: agreeable; pleasing to the taste

例句: Neither Jack's underbaked opinions nor his overcooked casseroles were palatable to me.



2447. palatial

释义: magnificent

例句: He proudly showed us through his palatial home.



2448. paleontology

释义: study of prehistoric life

例句: The professor of paleontology had a superb collection of fossils.



2449. palette

释义: board on which a painter mixes pigments

例句: At the present time, art supply stores are selling a paper palette that may be discarded after use.



2450. palimpsest

释义: parchment used for second time after original writing has been erased

例句: Using chemical reagents, scientists have been able to restore the original writings on many palimpsests.



2451. pall

释义: grow tiresome

例句: The study of word lists can eventually pall and put one to sleep.



2452. pallet

释义: small, poor bed

例句: The weary traveler went to sleep on his straw pallet.



2453. palliate

释义: ease pain; make less severe or offensive

例句: If we cannot cure this disease at present, we can, at least try to palliate the symptoms.



2454. pallid

释义: pale; wan

例句: Because his occupation required that he work at night and sleep during the day, he had an exceptionally pallid complexion.



2455. palpable

释义: tangible; easily perceptible

例句: I cannot understand how you could overlook such a palpable blunder.



2456. palpitate

释义: throb; flutter

例句: As he became excited, his heart began to palpitate more and more erratically.



2457. paltry

释义: insignificant; petty

例句: This is a paltry sum to pay for such a masterpiece.



2458. pan

释义: criticize harshly

例句: Hoping for a rave review of his new show, the playwright was miserable when the critics panned it unanimously.



2459. panacea

释义: cure-all; remedy for all diseases

例句: There is no easy panacea that will solve our complicated international situation.



2460. panache

释义: flair; flamboyance

例句: Many performers imitate Noel Coward, but few have his panache and sense of style.



2461. pandemic

释义: widespread; affecting the majority of people

例句: They feared the AIDS epidemic would soon reach pandemic proportions.



2462. pandemonium

释义: wild tumult

例句: When the ships collided in the harbor, pandemonium broke out among the passengers.



2463. pander

释义: cater to the low desires of others

例句: The reviewer accused the makers of Lethal Weapon of pandering to the masses' taste of violence.



2464. panegyric

释义: formal praise

例句: The modest hero blushed to hear the speakers delivering panegyrics about his valorous act.



2465. panoramic

释义: denoting an unobstructed and comprehensive view

例句: On a clear day, from the top of the World Trade Center you can get a panoramic view of New York City and neighboring stretches of New Jersey and Long Island.



2466. pantomime

释义: acting without dialogue

例句: Because he worked in pantomime, the clown could be understood wherever he appeared.



2467. papyrus

释义: ancient paper made from stem of papyrus plant

例句: The ancient Egyptians were among the first to write on papyrus.



2468. parable

释义: short, simple story teaching a moral

例句: Let us apply to our own conduct the lesson that this parable teaches.



2469. paradigm

释义: model; example; pattern

例句: Pavlov's experiment in which he trains a dog to salivate on hearing a bell is a paradigm of the conditioned-response experiment in behavioal psychology.



2470. paradox

释义: statement that looks false but is actually correct; a contradictory statement

例句: Wordworth's "The child is father to the man" is an example of paradox.



2471. paragon

释义: model of perfection

例句: The class disliked him because the teacher was always pointing him out as a paragon of virtue.



2472. parallelism

释义: state of being parallel; similarity

例句: There is a striking parallelism between the twins.



2473. parameter

释义: limit; independent variable

例句: We need to define the parameters of the problem.



2474. paramount

释义: foremost in importance; supreme

例句: Proper nutrition and hygiene are of paramount importance in adolescent development and growth.



2475. paramour

释义: illicit lover

例句: She sought a divorce on the grounds that her husband had a paramour in another town.



2476. paranoia

释义: psychosis marked by delusions of grandeur or persecution

例句: Suffering from paranois, he claimed everyone was out to get him; ironically, his claim was accurate; even paranoids have enemies.



2477. paraphernalia

释义: equipment; odds and ends

例句: His desk was cluttered with paper, pen, ink, dictionary and other paraphernalia of the writing craft.



2478. paraphrase

释义: restate a passage in one's own words while retaining thought of author

例句: In 250 words or less, paraphrase this article.



2479. parasite

释义: animal or plant living on another; toady; sycophant

例句: The tapeworm is an example of the kind of parasite that may infest the human body.



2480. parched

释义: extremely dry; very thirsty

例句: The parched desert landscape seemed hostile to life.



2481. pariah

释义: social outcast

例句: I am not a pariah to be shunned and ostracized.



2482. parity

释义: equality; close resemblance

例句: I find your analogy inaccurate because I do not see the parity between the two illustrations.



2483. parlance

释义: language; idiom

例句: All this legal parlance confuses me; I need an interpreter.



2484. parley

释义: conference

例句: The peace parley has not produced the anticipated truce.



2485. parochial

释义: narrow in outlook; provincial; related to parishes

例句: Although Jane Austen writes novels set in small rural communities, her concerns are universal, not parochial.



2486. parody

释义: humorous imitation; travesty

例句: We enjoyed the clever parodies of popular songs that the chorus sang.



2487. paroxysm

释义: fit or attack of pain, laughter, rage

例句: When he heared of his son's misdeeds, he was seized by a paroxysm of rage.



2488. parquet

释义: floor made of wood strips inlaid in a mosic-like pattern.

例句: In laying the floor, the carpenters combined redwood and oak in an elegant parquet.



2489. parry

释义: ward off a blow

例句: He was content to wage a defensive battle and tried to parry his opponent's thrusts.



2490. parsimonious

释义: stingy; excessively frugal

例句: His parsimonious nature did not permit him to enjoy any luxuries.



2491. partial

释义: incomplete

例句: In this issue we have published only a partial list of contributors because we lack space to acknowledge everyone.



2492. partial

释义: biased; having a liking for something

例句: I am extremely partial to chocolate eclairs.



2493. partiality

释义: inclination; bias

例句: As a judge, not only must I be unbiased, but I must also avoid any evidence of partiality when I award the prize.



2494. partisan

释义: one-sided; prejudiced; committed to a party

例句: On certain issues of conscience, she refused to take a partisan stand.



2495. passe

释义: old-fashioned; past the prime

例句: Her style is passe and reminiscent of the Victorian era.



2496. passive

释义: not active; acted upon

例句: Mahatma Gandhi urged his followers to pursue a program of passive resistance as he felt that it was more effective than violence and acts of terrorism.



2497. pastiche

释义: imitation of another's style in musical composition or in writing

例句: We cannot even say that her music is a pastiche of this or that composer; it is rather, reminiscent of many musicians.



2498. pastoral

释义: rural

例句: In these stories of pastoral life, we find an understanding of the daily tasks of country folk.



2499. patent

释义: open for the public to read; obvious

例句: It was patent to everyone that the witness spoke the truth.



2500. pathetic

释义: causing sadness, compassion, pity; touching

例句: Everyone in the auditorium was weeping by the time he finished his pathetic tale about the orphaned boy.



2501. pathological

释义: pertaining to disease

例句: As we study the pathological aspects of this disease, we must not overlook the psychological elements.



2502. pathos

释义: tender to sorrow; pity; quality in art or literature that produces these feelings.

例句: The quiet tone of pathos that ran through the novel never degenerated into the maudlin or the overly sentimental.



2503. patina

释义: green crust on old bronze works; tone slowly taken by varnished painting

例句: Judging by the patina on this bronze statue, we can conclude that this is the work of a medieval artist.



2504. patois

释义: local or provincial dialect

例句: His years of study of the language at the university did not enable him to understand the patois of the natives.



2505. patriarch

释义: father and ruler of a family or tribe

例句: In many primitive tribes, the leader and lawmaker was the patriarch.



2506. patrician

释义: noble; aristocratic

例句: We greatly admired her well-bred, patrician elegance



2507. patronize

释义: support; act superior toward

例句: Experts in a field sometimes appear to patronize people who are less knowledgeable of the subject.



2508. paucity

释义: scarcity

例句: They closed the restaurant because the paucity of customers made it uneconomical to operate.



2509. pauper

释义: very poor person

例句: Though Widow Brown was living on a reduced income, she was by no means a pauper.



2510. peccadillo

释义: slight offense

例句: If we examine these escapades carefully, we will realize that they are mere peccadilloes rather than major crimes.



2511. pecuniary

释义: pertaining to money

例句: I never expected a pecuniary reward for my work in this activity.



2512. pedagogue

释义: teacher

例句: He could never be a stuffy pedagogue; his classes were always lively and filled with humor.



2513. pedagogy

释义: teaching; art of education

例句: Though Maria Montessori gained fame for her innovations in pedagogy, it took years before her teaching techniques became common practice in American schools.



2514. pedant

释义: scholar who overemphasizes book learning or technicalities

例句: Her insistence that the book be memorized marked the teacher as a pedant rather than a scholar.



2515. pedantic

释义: showing off learning; bookish

例句: Leaving his decisions with humorous, down-to-earth anecdotes, Judge Walker was not at all pedantic legal scholar.



2516. pedestrian

释义: ordinary; unimaginative

例句: Unintentionally boring, he wrote page after page of pedestrian prose.



2517. pediatrician

释义: physician specializing in children's diseases.

例句: The family doctor advised the parents to consult a pediatrician about their child's ailment.



2518. pejorative

释义: negative in connotation; having a belittling effect.

例句: Instead of criticizing Clinton's policies, the Republicans made pejorative remarks about his character.



2519. pellmell

释义: in confusion; disorderly

例句: The excited students dashed pellmell into the stadium to celebrate the victory.



2520. pellucid

释义: transparent; limpid; easy to understand

例句: After reading these stodgy philosophers, I find his pellucid style very enjoyable.



2521. penance

释义: self-imposed punishment for sin

例句: The Ancient Mariner said, "I have penance done and penance more will do," to atone for the sin of killing the albatross.



2522. penchant

释义: strong inclination; liking

例句: He had a strong penchant for sculpture and owned many statues.



2523. pendant

释义: hanging down from something

例句: Her pendant earrings glistened in the light.



2524. pendant

释义: ornament (hanging from a necklace, etc.)

例句: The grateful team presented the coach with a silver chain and pendant engraved with the school's motto.



2525. pendulous

释义: hanging; suspended

例句: The pendulous chandeliers swayed in the breeze as if they were about to fall from the ceiling.



2526. penitent

释义: repentant

例句: When he realized the enormity of his crime, he became remorseful and penitent.



2527. pensive

释义: dreamily thoughtful; thoughtful with a hint of sadness

例句: The pensive youth gazed at the painting for a long time and then sighed.



2528. penumbra

释义: partial shadow (in an eclipse)

例句: During an eclipse, we can see an area of total darkness and a lighter area, which is the penumbra.



2529. penurious

释义: stingy; parsimonious

例句: He was a penurious man, averse to spending money even for the necessities of life.



2530. penury

释义: extreme poverty

例句: When his pension fund failed, George feared he would end his days in penury.



2531. peon

释义: landless agricultural worker; bond servant

例句: The land reformers sought to liberate the peons and establish them as independent farmers.



2532. perceptive

释义: insightful; aware; wise

例句: Although Maud was a generally perceptive critic, she had her blind sports: she could never see flaws in the work of her friends.



2533. percussion

释义: striking one object against another sharply

例句: The drum is a percussion instrument.



2534. perdition

释义: damnation; complete ruin

例句: Praying for salvation, young Daedalus feared he was damned to eternal perdition.



2535. peregrination

释义: journey

例句: Auntie Mame was a world traveler whose peregrinations took her from Tiajuana to Timbuctoo.



2536. peremptory

释义: demanding and leaving no choice

例句: From Jack's peremptory knock on the door, Jill could tell he would not give up until she let him in.



2537. perennial

释义: something long-lasting

例句: Tese plants are hardy perennials and will bloom for many years.



2538. perifidious

释义: treacherous; disloyal

例句: When Caesar realized that Brutus had betrayed him, he reproached his perfidious friend.



2539. perforate

释义: pierce; put a hole through

例句: Before you can open the aspirin bottle, you must first perforate the plastic safety seal that covers the cap.



2540. perfunctory

释义: superficial; not thorough; lacking interest, care, or enthusiasm

例句: The auditor's perfunctory inspection of the books overlooked many errors.



2541. perigee

释义: point of moon's orbit when it is nearest the earth

例句: The rocket which was designed to take photographs of the moon was launched as the moon approached its perigee.



2542. perimeter

释义: outer boundary

例句: To find the perimeter of any quadrilateral, we add the lengths of the four sides.



2543. peripatetic

释义: walking about; moving

例句: The peripatetic school of philosophy derives its name from the fact that Aristotle walked with his pupils while discussing philosophy with them.



2544. peripheral

释义: marginal; outer

例句: We lived, not in central London, but in one of those peripheral suburbs that spring up on the outskirts of the great city.



2545. periphery

释义: edge, especially of a round surface

例句: He sensed that there was something just beyond the periphery of his vision.



2546. perjury

释义: false testimony while under oath

例句: When several witnesses appeared to challenge his story, he was indicted for perjury.



2547. permeable

释义: porous; allowing passage through

例句: Glass is permeable to light.



2548. pernicious

释义: very destructive, harmful

例句: He argued that these books had a pernicious effect on young and susceptible minds.



2549. peroration

释义: conclusion of an oration

例句: The peroration was largely hortatory and brought the audience to its feet clamoring for action at its close.



2550. perpetrate

释义: commit an offense

例句: Only an insane person could perpetrate such a horrible crime.



2551. perpetual

释义: everlasting

例句: Ponce de Leon hoped to find perpetual youth.



2552. perquisite

释义: any gain above stipulated salary

例句: The perquisites attached to this job make it even more attractive than the salary indicates.



2553. personable

释义: attractive

例句: The man I am seeking to fill this position must be personable since he will be representing us before the public.



2554. perspicacious

释义: having insight; penetrating; astute

例句: The brillant lawyer was known for his perspicacious deductions.



2555. perspicuity

释义: clearness of expression; freedom from ambiguity

例句: One of the outstanding features of this book is the perspicuity of its author; her meaning is always clear.



2556. perspicuous

释义: plainly expressed

例句: Her perspicuous comments eliminated all posibility of misinterpretation.



2557. pert

释义: impertinent; forward

例句: I think your pert and impudent remarks call for an apology.



2558. pertinacious

释义: stubborn; persistent

例句: He is bound to succeed because his pertinacious nature will not permit him to quit.



2559. pertinent

释义: suitable; to the point

例句: The lawyer wanted to know all the pertinent details.



2560. perturb

释义: disturb greatly

例句: I am afraid this news will perturb him and cause him grief.



2561. perusal

释义: reading

例句: I am certain that you have missed important details in your rapid perusal of this document.



2562. pervasive

释义: spread throughout

例句: Despite airing them for several hours, she could not rid her clothes of the pervasive odor of mothbals that clung to them.



2563. perverse

释义: stubbornly wrongheaded; wicked and unacceptable

例句: When Hannibal Lecter was in a perverse mood, he ate the flesh of his victims.



2564. perversion

释义: corruption; turning from right to wrong

例句: Inasmuch as he had no motive for his crimes, we could not understand his perversion.



2565. pessimism

释义: belief that life is basically bad or evil; gloominess

例句: The good news we have been receiving lately indicates that there is little reason for your pessimism.



2566. pestilential

释义: causing plague; baneful

例句: People were afraid to explore the pestilential swap.



2567. pestle

释义: tool for mashing or grinding substances in a hard bowl

例句: From the way in which the elderly pharmacist pounded the drug with his pestle, young George could tell that his employer was agitated about something.



2568. petrify

释义: turn to stone

例句: His sudden and unexpected appearance seemed to petrify her.



2569. petty

释义: trivial; unimportant; very small

例句: She had no major complaints to make about his work, only a few petty quibbles that were almost too minor to state.



2570. petulant

释义: touchy; peevish

例句: The feverish patient was petulant and restless.



2571. pharisaical

释义: pertaining to Pharisees, who paid scrupulous attention to tradition; self-righteous; hypocritical

例句: Walter Lippmann has pointed out that moralists who do not attempt to explain the moral code they advocate are often regarded as pharisaical and ignored.



2572. phenomena

释义: observable facts; subjects of scientific investigation

例句: We kept careful records of the phenomena we noted in the course of these experiments.



2573. philanderer

释义: faithless lover; flirt

例句: Swearing he had never so much as looked at another woman, Jack assured Jill he was no philanderer.



2574. philanthropist

释义: lover of mankind; doer of good

例句: As he grew older, he became famous as a philanthropist and benefactor of the needy.



2575. philatelist

释义: stamp-collector

例句: When she heard the value of the Penny Black stamp, Phyllis was inspired to become a philatelist.



2576. philistine

释义: narrow-minded person, uncultured and exculsively interested in material gain

例句: We need more men of culture and enlightenment; we have too many philistines among us.



2577. philology

释义: study of language

例句: The professor of philology advocated the use of Esperanto as an international language.



2578. phlegmatic

释义: calm; not easily disturbed

例句: The nurse was a cheerful but phlegmatic person, unexcited in the face of sudden emergencies.



2579. phobia

释义: morbid fear

例句: Her fear of flying was more than mere nervousness; it was a real phobia.



2580. physiognomy

释义: face

例句: He prided himself on his ability to analyze a person's character by studying his physiognomy.



2581. physiological

释义: pertaining to the science of the function of living organisms

例句: To understand this disease fully, we must examine not only its physiological aspects but also its psychological elements.



2582. piebald

释义: of different colors; motled; spotted

例句: You should be able to identify Polka Dot in this race; he is the only piebald horse running.



2583. pied

释义: variegated; multicolored

例句: The pied piper of Hamelin got his name from the multicolored clothing he wore.



2584. piety

释义: devoutness; reverence for God

例句: Living her life in prayer and good works, Mother Teresa exemplifies the true sprit of piety.



2585. pigment

释义: coloring matter

例句: Van Gogh mixed various pigments with linseed oil to create his paints.



2586. pillage

释义: plunder

例句: The enemy pillaged the quiet village and left it in ruins.



2587. pillory

释义: punish by placing in a wooden frame; subject to criticism and ridicule

例句: Even though he was mocked and pilloried, he maintained that he was correct in his beliefs.



2588. pine

释义: languish, decline; long for, yearn

例句: Though she tried to be happy living with Clara in the city, Heidi pined for the mountains and for her gruff but loving grandfather.



2589. pinion

释义: restrain

例句: They pinioned his arms against his body but left his legs free so that he could move about.



2590. pinnacle

释义: peak

例句: We could see the morning sunlight illuminate the pinnacle while the rest of the mountain lay in shadow.



2591. pious

释义: devout

例句: The pious parents gave their children a religious upbringing.



2592. piquant

释义: pleasantly tart-tasting; stimulating

例句: The piquant sauce added to our enjoyment of the meal.



2593. pique

释义: irritation; resentment

例句: She showed her pique by her refusal to appear with the other contestants at the end of the contest.



2594. piscatorial

释义: pertaining to fishing

例句: He spent many happy hours at the lake in his piscatorial activities.



2595. pithy

释义: concise; meaty

例句: I enjoy reading his essays because they are always compact and pithy.



2596. pittance

释义: a small allowance or wage

例句: He could not live on the pittance he received as a pension and had to look for an additional source of revenue.



2597. pivotal

释义: central; critical

例句: De Klerk's decision to set Nelson Mandela free was pivotal; without Mandela's release, there was no possibility that the African National Cogress would entertain talks with the South African government.



2598. placate

释义: pacify; conciliate

例句: The teacher tried to placate the angry mother.



2599. placebo

释义: harmless substance prescribed as a dummy pill

例句: In a controlled experiment, fifty volunteers were given erythromycin tablets; the control group received only placebos.



2600. placid

释义: peaceful; calm

例句: After his vacation in this placid section, he felt soothed and rested.



2601. plagiarize

释义: steal another's ideas and pass them off as one's own

例句: The editor could tell that the writer had plagiarized parts of the article; he could recognize whole paragraphs from the original source.



2602. plaintive

释义: mournful

例句: The dove has a plaintive and melancholy call



2603. plasticity

释义: ability to be molded

例句: When clay dries out, it loses its plasticity and becomes less malleable.



2604. platitude

释义: trite remark; commonplace statement

例句: The platitudes in his speech were applauded by the vast majority in his audience; only a few people perceived how trite his remarks were.



2605. platonic

释义: purely spiritual; theoretical; without sensual desire

例句: Accused of impropriety in his dealings with female students, the professor maintained he had only a platonic interest in the women involved.



2606. plauditory

释义: approving; applauding

例句: The theatrical company reprinted the plauditory comments of the critics in its advertisement.



2607. plausible

释义: having a show of truth but open to doubt; specious

例句: Even though your argument is plausible, I still would like to have more proof.



2608. plebeian

释义: common; pertaining to the common people

例句: His speeches were aimed at the plebeian minds and emotions; they disgusted the more refined.



2609. plenary

释义: complete; full

例句: The union leader was given plenary power to negotiate a new contract with the employers.



2610. plenitude

释义: abundance; completeness

例句: Looking in the pantry, we admired the plenitude of fruits and pickles we had preserved during the summer.



2611. plethora

释义: excess; overabundance

例句: She offered a plethora of excuses for her shortcomings.



2612. pliable

释义: flexible; yielding; adaptable

例句: In remodeling the bathroom, we replaced all the old, rigid lead pipes with new, pliable copper tubing.



2613. pliant

释义: flexible; easily influenced

例句: Catherine's disposition was pliant; she was like putty in her suitor's hands.



2614. pluck

释义: courage

例句: Even the adversaries of young Indiana Jones were impressed by the boy's pluck in trying to rescue the archeological treasure they had stolen.



2615. plumb

释义: vertical

例句: Before hanging wallpaper it is advisable to drop a plumb line from the ceiling as a guide.



2616. plummet

释义: fall sharply

例句: Stock prices plummeted as Wall Street reacted to the rise in interest rates.



2617. plutocracy

释义: society ruled by the wealthy

例句: From the way the government caters to the rich, you might think our society is a plutocracy rather than a democracy.



2618. podiatrist

释义: doctor who treats ailments of the feet

例句: He consulted a podiatrist about his fallen arches.



2619. podium

释义: pedestal; raised platform

例句: The audience applauded as the conductor made his way to the podium.



2620. poignancy

释义: quality of being deeply moving; keenness of emotion

例句: Watching the tearful reunion of the long-separated mother and child, the social worker was touched by the poignancy of the scene.



2621. polarize

释义: split into opposite extremes or camps

例句: The abortion issue has polarized the country into pro-choice and anti-abortion camps.



2622. polemic

释义: controversy; argument in support of point of view

例句: Her essays were, for the main part, polemics for the party's policy.



2623. politic

释义: expedient; prudent; well devised

例句: Even though he was disappointed, he did not think it politic to refuse the offer.



2624. polity

释义: form of government of nation or state

例句: Our polity should be devoted to the concept that the government should strive for the good of all citizens.



2625. polygamist

释义: one who has more than one spouse at a time

例句: He was arrested as a polygamist when his two wives filed complaints about him.



2626. polyglot

释义: speaking several languages

例句: New York City is a polyglot community because of the thousands of immigrants who settle there.



2627. pomposity

释义: self-important behavior; acting like a stuffed shirt

例句: Although the commencement speaker had some good things to say, we had to laugh at his pomposity and general air of parading his own dignity.



2628. ponderous

释义: weighty; unwieldy

例句: His humor lacked the light touch; his jokes were always ponderous.



2629. pontifical

释义: pertaining to a bishop or pope; pompous or pretentious

例句: From the very beginning of his ministry it was clear from his pontifical pronouncements that John was destined for a high pontifical office.



2630. pore

释义: study industriously; ponder; scrutinize

例句: Determined to become a physician, Beth spends hours poring over her anatomy text.



2631. porous

释义: full of pores; like a sieve

例句: Dancers like to wear porous clothing because it allows the ready passage of water and air.



2632. portend

释义: foretell; presage

例句: The king did not know what these omens might portend and asked his soothsayers to interpret them.



2633. portent

释义: sign; omen; forewarning

例句: He regarded the black cloud as a portent of evil.



2634. portly

释义: stout; corpulent

例句: The salesclerk tactfully referred to the overweight customer as portly rather than fat.



2635. poseur

释义: person who pretends to be sophisticated, elegant, etc., to impress others

例句: Some thought Dali was a brillant painter; others dismissed him as a poseur.



2636. posterity

释义: descendants; future generations

例句: We hope to leave a better world to posterity.



2637. posthumous

释义: after death (as of child born after father's death or book published after author's death)

例句: The critics ignored his works during his lifetime; it was only after the posthumous publication of his last novel that they recognized his great talent.



2638. postulate

释义: self-evident truth

例句: We must accept these statements as postulates before pursuing our discussions any further.



2639. posture

释义: assume an affected pose; act artificially

例句: No matter how much Arnold boasted or postured, I could not believe he was as important as he pretended to be.



2640. potable

释义: suitable for drinking

例句: The recent drought in the Middle Atlantic States has emphasized the need for extensive research in ways of making sea water potable.



2641. potent

释义: powerful; persuasive; greatly influential

例句: The jury was swayed by the highly potent testimony of the crime's sole eyewitness.



2642. potentate

释义: monarch; sovereign

例句: The potentate spent more time at Monte Carlo than he did at home on his throne.



2643. potential

释义: expressing possibility; latent

例句: The juvenile delinquent is a potential murderer.



2644. potion

释义: dose (of liquid)

例句: Tristan and Lsolde drink a love potion in the first act of the opera.



2645. potpourri

释义: heterogeneous mixture; medley

例句: He offered a potpourri of folk songs from many lands.



2646. poultice

释义: soothing application applied to sore and inflamed portions of the body

例句: He was advised to apply a flaxseed poultice to the inflammation.



2647. practicable

释义: feasible

例句: The board of directors decided that the plan was practicable and agreed to undertake the project.



2648. practical

释义: based on experience; useful

例句: He was a practical man, opposed to theory



2649. pragmatic

释义: practical (as opposed to idealistic); concerned with the practical worth or impact of something

例句: This coming trip to France should provide me with a pragmatic test of the value of my conversational French class.



2650. pragmatist

释义: practical person

例句: No pragmatist enjoys becoming involved in a game that he can never win



2651. prate

释义: speak foolishly; boast idly

例句: Let us not prate about our qualities; rather, let our virtues speak for themselves.



2652. prattle

释义: babble

例句: The children prattle endlessly about their new toys.



2653. preamble

释义: introductory statement

例句: In the preamble to the Constitution, the purpose of the document is set forth.



2654. precarious

释义: uncertain; risky

例句: I think this stock is a precarious investment and advise against its purchase.



2655. precedent

释义: something preceding in time that may be used as an authority or guide for future action

例句: This decision sets a precedent for future cases of a similar nature.



2656. precedent

释义: preceding in time, rank, etc.

例句: Our discussions, precedent to this event, certainly did not give you any reason to believe that we would adopt your proposal.



2657. precept

释义: practical rule guiding conduct

例句: "Love thy neighbor as thyself" is a worthwhile precept.



2658. precipice

释义: cliff; dangerous position

例句: Suddenly Indiana Jones found himself dangling from the edge of a precipice.



2659. precipitate

释义: headlong; rash

例句: Do not be precipitate in this matter; investigate further.



2660. precipitate

释义: throw headlong; hasten

例句: The removal of American political support appeared to have precipitated the downfall of the Marcos regime.



2661. precipitous

释义: steep; overhasty

例句: This hill is difficult to climb because it is so precipitous; one slip, and our descent will be precipitous as well.



2662. precise

释义: exact

例句: If you don't give me precise directions and a map, I'll never find your place.



2663. preclude

释义: make impossible; eliminate

例句: This contract does not preclude my being employed by others at the same time that I am working for you.



2664. precocious

释义: advanced in development

例句: By her rather adult manner of discussing serious topics, the child demonstrated that she was precocious.



2665. precursor

释义: forerunner

例句: Though Gray and Burns share many traits with the Romantic poets who followed them, most critics consider them precursors of the Romantic Movement, not true Romantics.



2666. predatory

释义: plundering

例句: The hawk is a predatory bird.



2667. predecessor

释义: former occupant of a post

例句: I hope I can live up to the fine example set by my late predecessor in this office.



2668. predilection

释义: partiality; preference

例句: Although the artist used various media from time to time, she had a predilection for watercolors.



2669. preeminent

释义: outstanding; superior

例句: The king traveled to Boston because he wanted the preeminent surgeon in the field to perform the operation.



2670. preempt

释义: head off; forestall by acting first; appropriate for oneself; supplant

例句: Hoping to preempt any attempts by the opposition to make educational reform a hot political issue, the candidate set out her own plan to revitalize the public schools.



2671. preen

释义: make oneself tidy in appearance; feel self-satisfaction

例句: As Kitty preened before the mirror, carefully smoothing her shining hair, she couldn't help preening herself on her good looks.



2672. prefactory

释义: introductory

例句: The chairman made a few prefactory remarks before he called on the first speaker.



2673. prehensile

释义: capable of grasping or holding

例句: Monkeys use not only their arms and legs but also their prehensile tails in traveling through the trees.



2674. prelate

释义: church dignitary

例句: The archbishop of Moscow and other high-ranking prelates visited the Russian Orthodox seminary.



2675. prelude

释义: introduction; forerunner

例句: I am afraid that this border raid is the prelude to more serious attacks.



2676. premeditate

释义: plan in advance

例句: She had premeditated the murder for months, reading about common poisons and buying weed killer that contained arsenic.



2677. premise

释义: assumption; postulate

例句: Because Jack had based his argument upon a faulty premise, his opponent cheerfully pointed out the holes in his logic.



2678. premonition

释义: forewarning

例句: We ignored these premonitions of disaster because they appeared to be based on childish fears.



2679. premonitory

释义: serving to warn

例句: You should have visited a doctor as soon as you felt these premonitory chest pains.



2680. preponderance

释义: superiority of power, quantity, etc.

例句: The rebels sought to overcome the preponderance of strength of the government forces by engaging in guerrilla tactics.



2681. preposterous

释义: absurd; ridiculous

例句: When the candidate tried to downplay his youthful experiments with marijuana by saying he hadn't inhaled, we all thought, "What a preposterous excuse!"



2682. prerogative

释义: privilege; unquestionable right

例句: The President cannot levy taxes; that is the prerogative of the legislative branch of government.



2683. presage

释义: foretell

例句: The vultures flying overhead presaged the discovery of the corpse in the desert.



2684. prescience

释义: ability to foretell the future

例句: Given the current wave of Japan-bashing, it does not take prescience for me to foresee problems in our future trade relations with Japan.



2685. presentiment

释义: premonition; foreboding

例句: Hamlet felt a presentiment about his meeting with Laertes.



2686. prestige

释义: impression produced by achievements or reputation

例句: The wealthy man sought to obtain social prestige by contributing to popular charities.



2687. presumptous

释义: arrogant; taking liberties

例句: It seems presumptous for one so relatively new to the field to challenge the conclusions of its leading experts.



2688. pretentious

释义: ostentatious; ambitious

例句: I do not feel that your limited resources will permit you to carry out such a pretentious program.



2689. preternatural

释义: beyond that which is normal in nature

例句: John's mother's total ability to tell when he was lying struck him as almost preternatural.



2690. pretext

释义: excuse

例句: He looked for a good pretext to get out of paying a visit to his aunt.



2691. prevail

释义: induce; triumph over

例句: He tried to prevail on her to type his essays for him.



2692. prevalent

释义: widespread; generally accepted

例句: A radical committed to social change, Reed had no patience with the conservative views prevalent in the America of his day.



2693. prevaricate

释义: lie

例句: Some people believe that to prevaricate in a good cause is justifiable and regard the statement as a "white lie."



2694. prey

释义: target of a hunt; victim

例句: In Stalking the Wild Asparagus, Euell Gibbons has as his prey not wild beasts but wild plants.



2695. prim

释义: very precise and formal; exceedingly proper

例句: Many people commented on the contrast between the prim attire of the young lady and the inappropriate clothing worn by her escort.



2696. primogeniture

释义: seniority by birth

例句: By virtue of primogeniture, in some cultures the first-born child has many privileges denied his brothers and sisters.



2697. primordial

释义: existing at the beginning (of time); rudimentary

例句: The Neanderthal Man is one of our primordial ancestors.



2698. primp

释义: dress or groom oneself with care

例句: She primps for hours before a dance.



2699. pristine

释义: characteristic of earlier times; primitive, unspoiled

例句: This area has been preserved in all its pristine wildness.



2700. privation

释义: hardship; want

例句: In his youth, he knew hunger and privation.



2701. privy

释义: secret; hidden; not public

例句: We do not care for privy chamber of government.



2702. probe

释义: explore with tools

例句: The surgeon probed the wound for foreign matter before suturing it.



2703. probity

释义: uprightness; incorruptibility

例句: Everyone took his probity for granted; his defalcations, therefore, shocked us all.



2704. problematic

释义: perplexing; unsettled: questionable

例句: Given the many areas of conflict still awaiting resolution, the outcome of the peace talks remains problematic.



2705. proclivity

释义: inclination; natural tendency

例句: The cross old lady has a proclivity to grumble.



2706. procrastinate

释义: postpone; delay

例句: It is wise not to procrastinate; otherwise, we find ourselves bogged down in a mass of work that should have been finished long ago.



2707. procurement

释义: obtaining

例句: The personnel department handles the procurement of new employees.



2708. prod

释义: poke; stir up; urge

例句: If you prod him hard enough, he'll eventually clean his room.



2709. prodigal

释义: wasteful; reckless with money

例句: The prodigal son squandered his inheritance.



2710. prodigious

释义: enormous; marvelous

例句: He marveled at her prodigious appetite when he saw all the food she ate.



2711. prodigy

释义: highly gifted child; marvel

例句: Menuhin was a prodigy, performing wonders on his violin when he was barely eight years old.



2712. profane

释义: violate; desecrate

例句: Tourists are urged not to profane the sanctity of holy places by wearing improper garb.



2713. profilgate

释义: dissipated; wasteful; licentious

例句: In this profilgate company, she lost all sense of decency.



2714. profound

释义: deep; not superficial; complete

例句: Freud's remarkable insights into human behavior caused his fellow scientists to honor him as a profound thinker.



2715. profusion

释义: lavish expenditure; overabundant condition

例句: Seldom have I seen food and drink served in such profusion as at the wedding feast.



2716. progenitor

释义: ancestor

例句: The Roth family, whose progenitors emigrated from Germany early in the nineteenth century, settled in Peru, Illinois.



2717. progeny

释义: children; offspring

例句: He was proud of his progeny but regarded George as the most promising of all his children.



2718. prognosis

释义: forecasted course of a disease; prediction

例句: If the doctor's prognosis is correct, the patient will be in a coma for at least twenty-four hours.



2719. prognosticate

释义: predict

例句: I prognosticate disaster unless we change our wasteful ways.



2720. projectile

释义: missile

例句: Man has always hurled projectiles at his enemy whether in the form of stones or of highly explosive shells.



2721. proletarian

释义: member of the working class

例句: The aristocrats feared mob rule and gave the right to vote only to the wealthy, thus depending the proletarians of a voice in government.



2722. proliferate

释义: grow rapidly; spread; multiply

例句: Times of economic hardship inevitably encourage countless get-rich-quick schemes to proliferate



2723. prolific

释义: abundantly fruitful

例句: She was a prolific writer who produced as many as three books a year.



2724. prolix

释义: verbose; drawn out

例句: Her prolix arguments irritated and bored the jury.



2725. prolong

释义: extend; draw out; lengthen

例句: In their determination to discover ways to prolong human life, doctors fail to take into account that longer lives are not always happier ones.



2726. prominent

释义: conspicuous; notable; protruding

例句: Have you ever noticed that Prince Charles's prominent ears make him resemble the big-eared character in Mad comics?



2727. promiscuous

释义: mixed indiscriminately; haphazard; irregular, particularly sexually

例句: In the opera La Boheme, we get a picture of the promiscuous life led by the young artists of Paris.



2728. promontory

释义: headland

例句: They erected a lighthouse on the promontory to warn approaching ships of their nearness to the shore.



2729. prompt

释义: cause; provoke; provide a cue for an actor

例句: Whatever prompted you to ask for such a big piece of cake when you're on a diet?



2730. promulgate

释义: make known by official proclamation or publication

例句: As soon as the Civil Service Commission promulgates the names of the successful candidates, we shall begin to hire members of our staff.



2731. prone

释义: inclined to; prostrate

例句: She was prone to sudden fits of anger.



2732. propagate

释义: multiply; spread

例句: Since bacteria propagate more quickly in unsanitary environments, it is important to keep hospital rooms clean.



2733. propellant

释义: substance that propels or drives forward

例句: The development of our missile program has forced our scientists to seek more powerful propellants.



2734. propensity

释义: natural inclination

例句: Convinced of his own talent, Sol has an unfortunate propensity to belittle the talents of others.



2735. prophetic

释义: having to do with predicting the future

例句: In interpreting Pharaoh's prophetic dream, Joseph said that the seven fat cows eaten by the seven lean cows represented seven years of plenty followed by seven years of famine.



2736. prophylactic

释义: used to prevent disease

例句: Despite all prophylactic measures introduced by the authorities, the epidemic raged until cool weather set in.



2737. propinquity

释义: nearness; kinship

例句: Their relationship could not be explained as being based on mere propinquity: they were more than relatives; they were true friends.



2738. propitiate

释义: appease

例句: The natives offered sacrifices to propitiate the gods.



2739. propitious

释义: favorable; kindly

例句: I think it is advisable that we wait for a more propitious occasion to announce our plans; this is not a good time.



2740. proponent

释义: person who supports or proposes (an idea)

例句: After the bill had been amended and re-amended in committee, even its original proponents didn't want to vote in its favor.



2741. propound

释义: put forth for analysis

例句: In you discussion, you have propounded several questions; let us consider each one separately.



2742. propriety

释义: fitness; correct conduct

例句: I want you to behave at this dinner with propriety; don't embarass me.



2743. propulsive

释义: driving forward

例句: The jet plane has a greater propulsive power than the engine-driven plane.



2744. prosaic

释义: dull and unimaginative; matter-of-fact; factual

例句: Though the ad writers had come up with a highly creative campaign to publicize the company's newest product, the head office rejected it for a more prosaic, down-to-earth approach.



2745. proscenium

释义: part of stage in front of curtain

例句: In the theater-in-the-round there can be no proscenium or proscenium arch.



2746. proscribe

释义: ostracize; banish; outlaw

例句: Antony, Octavius and Lepidus proscribed all those who had conspired against Julius Caesar.



2747. proselytize

释义: induce someone to convert to religion or belief

例句: In these interfaith meetings, there must be no attempt to proselytize; we must respect all points of view.



2748. prosody

释义: the art of versification

例句: This book on prosody contains a rhyming dictionary as well as samples of the various verse forms.



2749. prosperity

释义: good fortune; financial success; physical well-being

例句: Promising to stay together "for richer, for poorer," the newlyweds vowed to be true to one another in prosperity and hardship alike.



2750. prostrate

释义: stretch out full on ground

例句: He prostrated himself before the idol.



2751. protean

释义: versatile; able to take on many forms

例句: A remarkably protean actor, Alec Guinness could take on any role.



2752. protocol

释义: diplomatic etiquette

例句: We must run this state dinner according to protocol if we are to avoid offending any of our guests.



2753. prototype

释义: original work used as a model by others

例句: The crude typewriter on display in this museum is the prototype of the elaborate machines in use today.



2754. protract

释义: prolong

例句: Seeking to delay the union members' vote, the management team tried to protract the negotiations endlessly, but the union representatives saw through their strategy.



2755. protrude

释义: stick out

例句: His fingers protruded from the holes in his gloves.



2756. protuberance

释义: protrusion; bulge

例句: A ganglionic cyst is a fluid-filled tumor (generally benign) that develops near a joint membrane or tendon sheath, and that bulges beneath the skin, forming a protuberance.



2757. provenance

释义: origin or source of something

例句: I am not interested in its provenance; I am more concerned with its usefulness than with its source.



2758. provender

释义: dry food; fodder

例句: I am afraid of a severe winter because I have stored a large quantity of provender for the cattle.



2759. provident

释义: displaying foresight; thrifty; preparing for emergencies

例句: In his usual provident manner, he had insured himself against this type of loss.



2760. provincial

释义: pertaining to a province; limited in outlook; unsophisticated

例句: As provincial governor, Sir Henry administered the Queen's law in his remote corner of Canada.



2761. provisional

释义: tentative

例句: The appointment is provisional; only on the approval of the board of directors will it be made permanent.



2762. proviso

释义: stipulation

例句: I am ready to accept your proposal with the two proviso that you meet your obligations within the next two weeks.



2763. provoke

释义: stir up anger; cause retaliation

例句: In order to prevent a sudden outbreak of hostilities, we must not provoke our foe.



2764. proximity

释义: nearness

例句: The deer sensed the hunter's proximity and bounded away.



2765. proxy

释义: authorized agent

例句: Please act as my proxy and vote for this slate of candidates in my absence.



2766. prude

释义: excessively modest or proper person

例句: The X-rated film was definitely not for prudes.



2767. prudent

释义: cautious; careful

例句: A miser hoards money not because he is prudent but because he is greedy.



2768. prune

释义: cut away; trim

例句: With the help of her editor, she was able to prune her manuscript into publishable form.



2769. pseudonym

释义: pen name

例句: Samuel Clemens' pseudonym was Mark Twain.



2770. psychiatrist

释义: a doctor who treats mental diseases

例句: A psychiatrist often needs long conferences with his patient before a diagnosis can be made.



2771. psychopathic

释义: pertaining to mental derangement

例句: The psychopathic patient suffers more frequently from a disorder of the nervous system than from a diseased brain.



2772. psychosis

释义: mental disorder

例句: We must endeavor to find an outlet for the patient's repressed desires if we hope to combat this psychosis.



2773. pterodactyl

释义: extinct flying reptile

例句: The remains of pterodactyls indicate that these flying reptiles had a wingspan of as much as twenty feet.



2774. puerile

释义: childish

例句: His puerile pranks sometimes offended his more mature friends.



2775. pugilist

释义: boxer

例句: The famous pugilist Cassius Clay changed his name to Muhammed Ali.



2776. pugnacious

释义: combative; disposed to fight

例句: As a child he was pugnacious and fought with everyone.



2777. puissant

释义: powerful; strong; potent

例句: We must keep his friendship for he will make a puissant ally.



2778. pulchritude

释义: beauty; comeliness

例句: I do not envy the judges who have to select this year's Miss America from this collection of female pulchritude.



2779. pulmonary

释义: pertaining to the lungs

例句: In his researches on pulmonary diseases, he discovered many facts about the lungs of animals and human beings.



2780. pulsate

释义: throb

例句: We could see the blood vessels in his temple pulsate as he became more angry.



2781. pulverize

释义: crush or grind into very small particles

例句: Before sprinkling the dried herbs into the stew, Michael first pulverized them into a fine powder.



2782. pummel

释义: beat

例句: The severity with which he was pummeled was indicated by the bruises he displayed on his head and face.



2783. punctilious

释义: laying stress on niceties of conduct or form; precise

例句: We must be punctilious in our planning of this affair, for any error may be regarded as a personal affront.



2784. pundit

释义: learned Hindu; any learned person; authority on a subject

例句: Even though he discourses on the matter like a pundit, he is actually rather ignorant about this topic.



2785. pungency

释义: sharpness; stinging quality

例句: The pungency of the cigarette smoke made me cough.



2786. punitive

释义: punishing

例句: He asked for punitive measures against the offender.



2787. puny

释义: insignificant; tiny; weak

例句: Our puny efforts to stop the flood were futile.



2788. purchase

释义: firm grasp or footing

例句: The mountaineer struggled to get a proper purchase on the slippery rock.



2789. purgatory

释义: place of spiritual expiation

例句: In this purgatory, he could expect no help from his comrades.



2790. purge

释义: clean by removing impurities; clear of changes

例句: If you are to be purged of the charge of contempt of Congress, you must be willing to answer the questions previously asked.



2791. purport

释义: intention; meaning

例句: If the purport of your speech was to arouse the rabble, you succeeded admirably.



2792. purveyor

释义: furnisher of foodstuffs; caterer

例句: As purveyor of rare wines and viands, he traveled through France and Italy every year in search of new products to sell.



2793. pusillanimous

释义: cowardly; fainthearted

例句: You should be ashamed of your pusillanimous conduct during this dispute.



2794. putative

释义: supposed; reputed

例句: Although there are some doubts, the putative author of this work is Massinger.



2795. putrid

释义: foul; rotten; decayed

例句: The gangrenous condition of the wound was indicated by the putrid smell when the bandages were removed.



2796. pyromaniac

释义: person with an insane desire to set things on fire

例句: The detectives searched the area for the pyromaniac who had set these costly fires.



2797. pyre

释义: heap of combustible material, esp. for burning a corpse.

例句: The mortician put pyre on the corpse before burning a corpse.



2798. pest

释义: troublesome or annoying person

例句: He was a pest; always bothering people.



2799. prohibitive

释义: extremely high (of prices etc.)

例句: The super computer's price was prohibitive.